PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND THEIR ROLE IN THE CULTIVATION AND PRODUCTION OF DATES IN THE FARMS OF FADAK OF THE ALAWIAH SHRINE AND THE HOLY HUSSEINIYA

Abstract

The physical characteristics play a major and essential role for plant growth by studying their impact on the production of dates in the farms of Fadak of Alawiah shrine and the holy Husseiniya, therefore, laboratory analyzes have been conducted to show the extent of the impact of physical elements (soil texture, bulk density) and others, the analyzes were conducted in the laboratories of Alawiah shrine inside the Fadak farm (Najaf), as for the laboratory analyzes of Fadak farm (Karbala), the analyzes were conducted in engineering laboratories under the supervision of Miss. Manar through the help of the researcher, both results found that the soil texture varies from one place to another and has great importance in deteriorating or increasing production by knowing the quality of the soil, whether it is sandy, clayey or mixed, the results showed that sandy soils are almost the dominant soils in both regions and soil texture may be considered one of the main reasons behind the decrease in production and its degradation as soils that do not retain much water and are poor in organic matter, as well as for the bulk density, its high is latent cause of low production because the high density works on the lack of plant root growth and lack of oxygen diffusion, and this ultimately led to a decrease in the production of dates in the two farms of Fadak.