PARALLEL LAW AND SOCIAL SECURITY IN A LOCAL COMMUNITY: A FIELD STUDY IN THE BAGHDAD GOVERNORATE / NAHRAWAN AREA AS A MODEL

Abstract

Iraqi society was distinguished by the dominance of traditional construction and the persistence of family and clan tendencies at the expense of civil concepts and cultural foundations and their penetration into the institutions of the modern state and its foundational pillars. In light of the social relations that control the structures and decisions of society and are characterized by their stability and acceptance by most members of society, it is not easy to try to change or alter them. They are the so-called conservative societies that are not affected by modernity and the changes taking place in other societies by parallel law, and the Iraqi society in general and the study community in particular is firmly committed to the traditions and parallel laws that dominate the scene of Iraqi social life. Parallel laws play a major role in the lives of members of Iraqi society and in the field of legal relations between individuals, and parallel laws have a great impact in the field of impunity. This study is an analytical descriptive study, and it was relied on the field survey method by the sampling method. A number of scientific tools were employed to collect data (questionnaire, interview, focus group interview, and observation), and the study sample was determined by a group of sheikhs, dignitaries, active forces and workers in security and judicial institutions in the study population is the (Nahrawan) ,the most important results of the field study are as follows: - 1. From the results of the study, it was found that (43.3%) of the individuals surveyed confirm the effective contribution of the parallel law to achieving social security in the local community. 2. The results of the study showed that (47.7%) of the respondents indicated that parallel law is a necessary basis for the organization and cohesion of social life. 3. The results of the study show that most of the respondents stressed that continuing to implement the parallel law will weaken the authority of the official law and marginalize its mechanisms and contexts (79.3%).) region, and the number of respondents was (300) distributed among the members of the aforementioned study community, as well as a set of statistical methods were used to reach the goals that the study seeks to achieve, and it has been addressed. Statistical data for data dump. The study also included some results, recommendations and suggestions, including: 1. The social cost of parallel law is often exorbitant because of the overlap between formal legislation for social practice and the hegemony of clan customs. 2. The parallel law is still moving effectively in the bowels of the local community due to the fragility of governance, the disintegration of the public policy-making system, and the slack and weak performance of the controlling institutions. 3. The traditional social practices represented by the parallel law often acquire a major role in strengthening social control, supporting the foundations of stability in society, resolving conflicts and addressing problems. 4. The necessity of educating the children of local community members in order to raise their awareness and get rid of customs, traditions, parallel laws and outdated values that intersect with the social security system, and to work in development projects for the (Nahrawan) region and rehabilitate the infrastructure, especially in the education sector.