ENVIRONMENTAL AND WATER EFFECTS OF GEOMORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE NETWORK AREA WITHIN THE NAJAF GOVERNORATE USING MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL TECHNIQUES

Abstract

This research dealt with determining the size and nature of the environmental effects of the geomorphological manifestations that occur in a suitable environment, especially within a geological structure in the sites of faults and faults, as the study of spatial relationships between geomorphological units, rock formation, structural nature and climate. As well as the processes of thawing and water erosion lead to changes in the nature and balance of the processes that exercise their influence on the surface of the earth, which makes the resulting geomorphic forms vary greatly. Its geographical distribution, the slope in it, especially the Najaf desert, contributed to the formation of deep, fast-flowing river valleys, while rain water gathered in the concave hollows, which may represent geological weakness areas. To material and human damage, and then can be concentrated spatially and temporally, as this rapid change can cause different problems for the region or the local community, and the rain collected in the stomachs of the valleys is accompanied by rapid water flows based on the slope of the region and the amount of water, which works to cause torrential torrents. Also, the effect of these torrents is to increase water erosion, as well as the difference in temperature The general environment of the study area works on sliding and moving the rock masses of different sizes for the rocks in the study area and the level of some lands in the area decreased, but these phenomena did not occur only due to the influence of heat and water factors, but there are other factors that control the degree of risks and construction, as the study area was divided into A number of levels of environmental impacts and identification of each type of risk, and those risks were measured depending on the type of each one according to the weight of each layer and according to the layers needed by each type of risk.